Odontoglossum naevium

Odontoglossum naevium is a beautiful and rare orchid that is native to the cloud forests of Central and South America, primarily found in countries such as Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Within its natural habitat, this orchid species thrives at altitudes ranging from 2,000 to 9,000 feet (600 to 2,700 meters) above sea level. These high-altitude regions provide the ideal conditions for the growth of Odontoglossum naevium, where it experiences high humidity, cool temperatures, and frequent rainfall. The cloud forests are a threatened habitat, and Odontoglossum naevium is becoming increasingly rare in the wild. It is now listed as a vulnerable species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

The flowers, which bloom in the spring and summer, are medium-sized, showy, and typically white with maroon spots and a striking yellow lip. These measure approximately 2 inches in diameter, and last for several weeks.

I currently have two of these beautiful orchids, Each purchased from Ecuagenera in Ecuador. One is growing in a small bark/perlite mix (pictured above), and one growing in redwood fiber (Gorilla Wool). They are both currently blooming in my greenhouse. 

Greenhouse Growing Conditions:

Temperature: Maintain cool to intermediate temperatures, ranging from 55°F to 75°F (13°C to 24°C) during the day. Create a nighttime temperature drop of approximately 10°F (6°C) to stimulate healthy growth and encourage flower initiation.  I had considered this to be a cool-growing orchid, like most of my Odontoglossums, but have recently found that many growers are more successful growing this slightly warmer — nearer intermediate temperatures.

Light: Provide bright, indirect light to replicate the dappled sunlight of its natural habitat. Avoid exposing the orchid to direct sunlight, as it can lead to leaf burn.  My greenhouse has 50% shade cloth in this growing area.

Humidity: Odontoglossum naevium thrives in high humidity levels, ideally between 60% to 70%. I use a home-brew fogger in this area to supplement the humidity generated by my swamp cooler.

Potting Medium: Utilize a well-draining and airy potting mix. I utilize a small bark/perlite mix, which seems to be adequate.  I also have one planted in redwood fiber (Gorilla Wool).  Fiber tends to have good drainage properties, allowing water to pass through easily. But this can result in less moisture retention compared to some other growing media. As a result, orchids planted in redwood fiber-based media may require more frequent watering to ensure adequate hydration.  I have found that I need to monitor the moisture level of my redwood fiber media closely, and water them more frequently.

Watering and Fertilization: Water the orchid thoroughly with high-quality water, allowing the potting medium to slightly dry out between waterings. I use reverse-osmosis filtered water and a 13-3-15 MSU fertilizer on all my plants, fertilizing weakly at each watering (approximately 300ppm dissolved solids), occasionally supplementing with CalMag.

Air Circulation: Ensure adequate air movement within the greenhouse. Proper ventilation or the use of fans will promote consistent airflow and prevent stagnant conditions.

Pests and Diseases:

Regular monitoring is crucial to identify and combat common orchid pests such as mealybugs, scale, and mites. Scale is my most frequent pest, and I  must promptly address any infestations or diseases as they can get out of control quickly.

Conclusion:

Cultivating Odontoglossum naevium is difficult to grow for some, as the cool temperatures, especially night temperatures are challenging in many areas of the country. But it is a rewarding endeavor when these conditions are met.